Hi, please help me to answer to

Hi, please help me to answer to myt peer discussion, one paragraph. Thank you. Discuss a specific research study involving animals that had ethical issues. During my research for this week’s topic I found the Harlow Monkey research that was conducted in 1958. The Harry Harlow monkey experiments were a series of research carried out by Harry Harlow and his associates at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in the 1950s and 1960s. It was a study of social exclusion and maternal deprivation. The research was done to try to understand the significance of touch comfort in the growth of social and emotional behavior. Harlow isolated newborn monkeys from their mothers as soon as possible after birth. The cramped, empty cells lacked any form of entertainment or social interaction. The surrogate mother, who was either constructed of wire mesh or coated in terry fabric, was the only human contact the monkeys had. The terry cloth mother did not have a bottle attached to it and the wire mother did. The study’s findings demonstrated that monkeys given the terry cloth surrogate mother had superior social and emotional development than those given the wire surrogate mother (Alicia Nortje, 2023). The tremendous amount of stress and deprivation that the monkeys experienced negatively impacted their psychological and emotional health for a very long time. The conditions under which the monkeys were nurtured were not an accurate reproduction of their natural habitat, and the surrogate mothers were not a true representation of a mother monkey. As a result, the trials lacked scientific legitimacy. These studies were seen as unnecessarily unethical and limited value in attempting to understand the effects of deprivation on human infants (Mcleod, 2020). The monkeys who were raised in solitude and without a mother, did strange habits such swaying back and forth, biting themselves, and displaying symptoms of despair. They also suffered from severe psychological discomfort. What were the ethical issues involved? As I mentioned earlier there were many ethical issues that were involved in these studies. The monkeys suffered emotional harm from being reared in isolation (Mcleod, 2020). In the words of American literary critic Wayne C Booth “Harry Harlow and his colleagues go on torturing their nonhuman primate’s decade after decade, invariably proving what we all knew in advance-that social creatures can be destroyed by destroying their social ties.” Harlow’s experiments were sadistic, unjustified, and exploitative (Hale, 2021). What could have been done to conduct the research study differently to avoid these ethical issues? Ways that could have been done for this study is to refine the study design. If the study had to be conducted using animals the design could have been refined to minimize the impact on these monkeys. Researcher could have used less extreme methods to create maternal deprivation or reduced length of time. References: Alicia Nortje, P. D. (2023, February 6). Harlow’s monkey experiments: 3 findings about attachment. PositivePsychology.com. Retrieved February 14, 2023, from https://positivepsychology.com/harlow-experiment/#:~:text=Rhesus%20infants%20raised%20with%20a,which%20manifested%20in%20digestive%20problems. Hale, T. (2021, July 21). The “Pit of despair” was one of the most unethical experiments of modern science. IFLScience. Retrieved February 14, 2023, from https://www.iflscience.com/the-pit-of-despair-was-one-of-the-most-unethical-experiments-of-modern-science-60408 Mcleod, S. (2020, September 18). Harry Harlow, Monkey Love Experiments. Harry Harlow: Monkey Love Experiments – Simply Psychology. Retrieved February 14, 2023, from https://www.simplypsychology.org/harlow-monkey.html

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