Define heart failure. Define preload, afterload and

Define heart failure. Define preload, afterload and cardiac contractility. List factors and medications that will increase preload and decrease preload. Describe factors and medications that will increase afterload and decrease afterload. Describe the four ways that the heart attempts to compensate in HF. Describe the pathophysiology of left-sided and right-sided HF and the common clinical manifestations of both types. Why is it essential for a client with HF to weigh themselves daily? What is pulmonary edema and what are the clinical manifestations? Why are diuretics essential in the management of pulmonary edema? What is the difference between potassium-sparing and non-potassium sparing diuretics? List some examples in each drug class. Which drug class would tend to cause hyperkalemia? hypokalemia? What are the clinical manifestations of hyperkalemia? hypokalemia?

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