A regional needs assessment provided by the

A regional needs assessment provided by the East Texas Council on Alcoholism and Drug Abuse found that 15.5 percent of people in both northeast and southeast Texas had used codeine cough syrup, an opioid, at some point in their lives, compared to 6 percent for all other opioids, including pain pills. The lifetime uses rates for prescription stimulants such as Adderall and benzodiazepinesâsuch as Xanax were 4.4 percent and 4.1 percent, respectively.âThe needs assessment also showed that more schedule 2 drugs, which include prescription pain pills, and prescription methamphetamines, among others, were written in northeast Texas per capita than statewide. There were 7 prescriptions per 10 people in northeast Texas, compared to 5.2 per 10 people statewide, the data show.âPer CDC,âmore than 932,000 people have died since 1999 from a drug overdose. In 2020, 91,799 drug overdose deaths occurred in the United States. The age-adjusted rate of overdose deaths increased by 31% from 2019 (21.6 per 100,000) to 2020 (28.3 per 100,000). Opioids, synthetic opioids (other than methadone), are currently the main driver of drug overdose deaths. 82.3% of opioid-involved overdose deaths involved synthetic opioids. Opioids were involved in 68,630 overdose deaths in 2020 (74.8% of all drug overdose deaths). Drug overdose deaths involving psychostimulants such as methamphetamine are increasing with and without synthetic opioid involvement. Health care teams and providers who prescribe, administer, or distribute opioids for chronic pain should understand the challenges of opioid prescribing, the goal to maintain adequate and safe pain control for chronic pain, and to avoid drug diversion and abuse to provide the best patient outcomes and prevent misuse.âFifteen states have passed laws limiting opioid prescribing for acute pain in an opioid naive patient to a 7-day supply. These states includeâAlaska, Hawaii, Colorado, Utah, Oklahoma, Louisiana, Missouri, Indiana, West Virginia, South Carolina, Pennsylvania, New York, Maine, Connecticut,âand Massachusetts.âHowever, in Texas, as of current policy “The practitioner may notâissue a prescription for an opioid in an amount that exceeds a 10-dayâsupply”.âThis is a policy toâlimit an initial opioid prescription supply toâ10âdays or less until the pharmacy gets an override from the plan for Medicare patients who have not recently filled an opioid prescription.âAs a provider with ability to change policy, I would change theâ10-day supply laws to specific groups such as forâspecific patient groups forâacute or chronic pain managementâto 5-day supply laws. With the limit ofâ10-day supply could post aâsignificant risk for opioids overdose and risk for opioids related death to our patients.âAs a providerâthat can make the difference, I will propose policy “Public policies related to opioids,âa practitioner may notâissue a prescription for acute pain for an opioid in an amount that exceeds a 5-day supplyâand may not provide a refill of the opioid prescription,âopioids should be prescribed at the lowest effective dose and for no longer than the expected duration”.âTheâ2022 Clinical Practice Guideline addresses the following areas: 1) determining whether to initiate opioids for pain, 2) selecting opioids and determining opioid dosages, 3) deciding duration of initial opioid prescription and conducting follow-up, and 4) assessing risk and addressing potential harms of opioid useâ(CDC, 2023).âTexas Health and Human Services Commission (HHSC) strategies to address opioid abuse include adopting a Medicaid Preferred drug list to deter use of certain opioids associated with harm or misuse by listing products as non-preferred; promoting use of drugs such as Naloxone to treat opioid overdose; and providing Medicaid coverage of non-pharmacological treatment, such as physical therapy, chiropractic, and cognitive behavioral therapy. In addition, non-opioid prescriptions are also a covered medical benefit.âRates of opioid prescribing vary across states in ways that cannot be explained by the underlying health status of the population, highlighting the lack of consensus among clinicians on how to use opioid pain medication.âPain might go unrecognized, and patients, particularly members of racial and ethnic minority groups, women, the elderly,âpersons with cognitive impairment, and those with cancer and at the end of life, can be at risk for inadequate pain treatment.âPatients can experience persistent pain that is not well controlled.âPatients should receive appropriate pain treatment based on careful consideration of the benefits and risks of treatment options. Republican and Democratic lawmakers are working together to pass harm-reduction measures. It is encouraging to witness more opioidsâpolicy experts sounding the alarm about the rise of fentanyl in the state in recent years. Still much more needs to be done. I need to write the conclusion for this above topics

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