1) Check the 5 common bowel elimination

1) Check the 5 common bowel elimination problems: foul odour flatulence bowel incontinence diarrhea fecal impaction constipation bloody stools hemorrhoids painful defecation clay coloured stools 2 Fill in the blanks for the following assistive devices that are used for ambulation: Canes are used by many people who are elderly or who have had a stroke or been left with a Blank 1 on one side. Canes are also used for individuals with Blank 2, mild balance problems, and foot/leg injuries. Canes offer less support than a Blank 3 and are less stable. They need tips on the bottom to prevent slipping on floor surfaces. A good cane length is equal to the distance between the Blank 4 and the floor. A Standard cane is Blank 5. Some can be adjusted from 56 – 97 cm. There are different types of canes used for different reasons. A Blank 6 is used for individuals with decreased leg strength. A cane with Blank 7 is often used when a weakness is in both feet and one foot and a Blank 8 offers the most support with 4 points resting on a base. The Quad Cane is used for partial or complete Blank 9 or some hemiplegia’s. Canes can be used for various levels of Blank 10. Please pick from the selection below: HINT: Each word grouping is used only once. 2 points 91 cm arthritis of the knees & hips greater trochanter leg paralysis quad cane straight cane walker weakness weight bearing 3 Fill in the blanks in the following paragraph: Urine output is affected by cardiovascular and renal status. The body loses fluid through perspiration and If a patient has less than than of urinary output, this needs to be reported ASAP as it may indicate a decreased blood flow to kidney. Cloudy urine occurs when there are pus, sperm, or vaginal drainage in the urine. Dark urine is concentrated, indicating while clear, colorless urine is often a sign of . Sweet smelling urine is generally a sign of diabetes as glucose is in the urine. Foul smelling urine is often a sign of Please pick from the selection below: HINT: Each word grouping is used only once. 30 mls / hr breathing dehydration fluid intake infection over hydration white blood cells (WBCs) 4 Fill in the blanks for the following assistive devices that are used for ambulation. Walkers are used for: Arthritis of knees/hips; moderately severe balance/gait disorders; and generalized . In order for the client to use a walker, he or she needs to have in both hands and wrists and be able to partial on both legs. The ideal height of a walker should be about waist high. The hand bar should be below the client’s waist and the client’s elbows are slightly flexed at a bend. Walkers can support about of body weight. A standard walker needs to be picked up to be used as it has no wheels. Often, walkers need tips on the feet to on floor surfaces. Some have 2 or that are in contact with the ground, making the walker easier to maneuver. Some walkers have attachments such as a for sitting on when tired, and a basket for carrying items. The appropriate method of using a walker is for the client to move the walker – the right foot – then the left foot. As the client moves the walker the is borne by both legs. As the right foot moves up to the walker, the body weight is borne by the left leg and. As the left foot moves up to walker, the body weight is borne by and both arms. If a person has hemiparesis, the walker is moved with the weaker leg together while the weight is borne by the . Then the stronger leg is moved while weight is borne by affected leg and both arms. Please pick from the selection below: HINT: Each word grouping is used only once. 20-30 degrees 4 wheels 50% bench body weight both arms partial strength prevent slipping right leg stronger leg weakness of hips/legs weight bear 5 Match the special diet categories with the correct definition: Prompts NPO Clear fluids soft diet as tolerated prescribed vegetarian Submitted Answers Liquids or foods that turn to liquid at body temperature, such as ice cream. Often eaten by patients having gastrointestinal problems and cannot tolerate solid foods. Often consumed for economic, health, religious, ethical, or ecological reasons. Can be nutritionally sound if they include a wide variety of foods and if proper protein complementation and vitamin and mineral supplementation are provided. Liquids that are see through such as water, tea, coffee, clear broths, ginger ale, and plain gelatin. This diet provides the patient with fluid and carbohydrates but does not supply adequate protein, fat, vitamins, minerals, or calories. Usually short-term – 24-36 hours. Is easily chewed and digested and is low-residue and low fibre. Usually prescribed for those that have difficulty chewing or swallowing. The pureed diet is a modification. Is ordered when the patient’s appetite, ability to eat, and tolerance for certain foods may change. In other words, the patient can eat what they are able to tolerate. Means nothing by mouth. This prevents aspiration of stomach contents into the lungs, which can cause pneumonia. Patients are at risk for nutritional and dehydration deficiencies and should be watched carefully until alternative feeding arrangements are made. Very specific diets to meet the requirements for disease processes or altered metabolism. A good example is the diabetic who is on a certain number of kilocalories per meal per day. Other examples are low cholesterol, No added salt, and No added sugar.

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